The use of certain technologies – e.g. power supply network and mobile communication – electric, magnetic and electromagnetic fields (EMF) are generated in the human environment. Public concern regarding EMF has existed practically since the first applications of electricity were invented more than 200 years ago. It exists all around the world where electricity is used. Only a small part of the population shares those concerns.

A part of the discourse regarding possible adverse health effects from EMF exposure questions established science. It stipulates alternative explanations of electricity and the workings of the human body. Another part of the discourse argues within the constraints of established science. It focuses on studies that claim to show EMF are dangerous.

In recent times, some EMF critics combine their arguments for the dangers of EMF with arguments for the dangers of other, unrelated things, like vaccines. Also, the discourse on the internet partly combines EMF criticism with criticism of governments, sometimes in the form of conspiracy narratives. Studies on EMF criticism show that there is a lot of overlapping between those factions. EMF critics appear to be more united by their EMF criticism rather than divided by the different reasons for their criticism.